EVOLUTION - THE TRANSITIONAL FOSSILS
  • Home
  • Introduction
  • Evolution of life
    • Overview
    • Origin of the Eukaryotes
    • Animals >
      • Vertebrates (up to tetrapods) >
        • Vertebrate stem group
        • Cyclostome stem group
        • Hagfish stem group
        • Lamprey stem group
        • Gnathostome stem group
        • Chondrichthyan stem group
        • Chimaera stem group
        • Shark stem group
        • Osteichthyan stem group
        • Actinopterygian stem group
        • Bichir and reedfish stem group
        • Sturgeon and paddlefish stem group
        • Neopterygian stem group
        • Teleostean stem group
        • Holostean stem group
        • Sarcopterygian stem group
        • Coelacanth stem group
        • Lungfish stem group
        • Tetrapod stem group
        • Tetrapods >
          • Amphibian stem group
          • Caecilian stem group
          • Salamander stem group
          • Frog and toad stem group
          • Amniote stem group
          • Saurian stem group
          • Tuatara stem group
          • Lizard and snake stem group
          • Turtle stem group
          • Archosauria stem group
          • Crocodylian stem group
          • Bird stem group
          • Mammalian stem group
          • Monotreme stem group
          • Therian stem group
          • Marsupial stem group
          • Shrew opossums stem group
          • Bandicoot and bilby stem group
          • Eutherian stem group
          • Paenungulate stem group
          • Hyrax stem group
          • Elephant stem group
          • Sea cow stem group
          • Aardvark stem group
          • Elephant shrew stem group
          • Afrosoricid stem group
          • Bat stem group
          • Pangolin stem group
          • Carnivoran stem group
          • Odd-toed ungulate stem group
          • Horse and zebra stem group
          • Ceratomorph stem group
          • Tapir stem group
          • Rhinoceros stem group
          • Camel and llama stem group
          • Hippopotamus stem group
          • Whale stem group
          • Rodent stem group
          • Lagomorph stem group
    • Land plants >
      • Evolution of Bryophytes
      • Vascular plants (up to seed plants) >
        • Vascular plant stem group
        • Lycophyte stem group
        • Isoetales-Selaginellales stem group
        • Quillwort stem group
        • Euphyllophyte stem group
        • Horsetail stem group
        • Marattialean fern stem group
        • Royal fern stem group
        • Seed plant stem group
        • Seed plants >
          • Ginkgo stem group
          • Conifer stem group
          • Pine family stem group
          • Gnetophyte stem group
          • Gnetophyte crown group
          • Origin of the Angiosperms
    • Stem groups not included
    • Glossary
  • Navigation
  • Data
  • About the author
  • Contact

evolution
-the transitional fossils

Aim of the website

The aim of this website is to answer the question; “Where are the transitional fossils?” This question is commonly asked by opponents of the theory of evolution, as if transitional fossils did not exist. In fact, there are many, as will be documented in this website.

The purpose of this website is to extract and organize information about transitional fossils from the vast scientific literature that deals with the whole gamut of evolutionary history. However, the intention is not to duplicate the literature by entering into the details of the changes that occurred during the development of life. Rather, the idea is to provide a visual display that illustrates  the gross morphological changes that can be seen by comparing transitional fossils. 

The result should be a readily accessible resource that will provide documentation in the form of the names, geological age and, if images are available in the public domain, photographs of the fossils that record the major transformations of life through geological time. The website is designed with the following types of user in mind:
  • Educators seeking teaching materials
  • People seeking a visual depiction of how fossils illustrate the evolution of life
  • Those looking for data with which to assess the arguments in the continuing debate regarding evolution and creation.

​At this point I present the main conclusions derived from the data presented in this website.

Main conclusions

  1. The principal assumption on which this website is based is that published phylogenetic trees (equivalent to family trees), which display relationships between ancestor and descendant fossil organisms, are generally correct. To assume this is to say that the theory of evolution is at least partially correct.
  2. Any clear inconsistency between any tree and the fossil evidence would indicate that the tree is not correctly representing ancestor-descendant relationships.
  3. The work presented in this website has found very few examples of such inconsistencies. These occur only in groups of organisms for which no transitional fossils are known. Wherever the inconsistencies appear, it is difficult to reconcile the likely age of the unknown transitional fossils with the known age of related organisms. There are two possible explanations for these inconsistencies: either incompleteness of the fossil record of organisms related to the unknown transitional fossils, or the phylogenetic tree in question is incorrect.
  4. In the great majority of cases, there is no obvious inconsistency between the phylogenetic trees and the fossils on which the trees are based.
  5. As a result of the general coherence of the phylogenetic trees and the fossil record, it has been possible to assemble data from more than 1,500 transitional fossils.  (Data on all of these can be found under the "Data" tab of the website.) 
  6. I therefore consider that the opinion, expressed by some of my fellow Christians, that transitional fossils do not exist is disproved by the data presented in this website.
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Photo credits
Header (Grand Canyon seen  from   Yavapai Point on the South Rim on   August 1st, 2019):   Grand Canyon NPS, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
  • Home
  • Introduction
  • Evolution of life
    • Overview
    • Origin of the Eukaryotes
    • Animals >
      • Vertebrates (up to tetrapods) >
        • Vertebrate stem group
        • Cyclostome stem group
        • Hagfish stem group
        • Lamprey stem group
        • Gnathostome stem group
        • Chondrichthyan stem group
        • Chimaera stem group
        • Shark stem group
        • Osteichthyan stem group
        • Actinopterygian stem group
        • Bichir and reedfish stem group
        • Sturgeon and paddlefish stem group
        • Neopterygian stem group
        • Teleostean stem group
        • Holostean stem group
        • Sarcopterygian stem group
        • Coelacanth stem group
        • Lungfish stem group
        • Tetrapod stem group
        • Tetrapods >
          • Amphibian stem group
          • Caecilian stem group
          • Salamander stem group
          • Frog and toad stem group
          • Amniote stem group
          • Saurian stem group
          • Tuatara stem group
          • Lizard and snake stem group
          • Turtle stem group
          • Archosauria stem group
          • Crocodylian stem group
          • Bird stem group
          • Mammalian stem group
          • Monotreme stem group
          • Therian stem group
          • Marsupial stem group
          • Shrew opossums stem group
          • Bandicoot and bilby stem group
          • Eutherian stem group
          • Paenungulate stem group
          • Hyrax stem group
          • Elephant stem group
          • Sea cow stem group
          • Aardvark stem group
          • Elephant shrew stem group
          • Afrosoricid stem group
          • Bat stem group
          • Pangolin stem group
          • Carnivoran stem group
          • Odd-toed ungulate stem group
          • Horse and zebra stem group
          • Ceratomorph stem group
          • Tapir stem group
          • Rhinoceros stem group
          • Camel and llama stem group
          • Hippopotamus stem group
          • Whale stem group
          • Rodent stem group
          • Lagomorph stem group
    • Land plants >
      • Evolution of Bryophytes
      • Vascular plants (up to seed plants) >
        • Vascular plant stem group
        • Lycophyte stem group
        • Isoetales-Selaginellales stem group
        • Quillwort stem group
        • Euphyllophyte stem group
        • Horsetail stem group
        • Marattialean fern stem group
        • Royal fern stem group
        • Seed plant stem group
        • Seed plants >
          • Ginkgo stem group
          • Conifer stem group
          • Pine family stem group
          • Gnetophyte stem group
          • Gnetophyte crown group
          • Origin of the Angiosperms
    • Stem groups not included
    • Glossary
  • Navigation
  • Data
  • About the author
  • Contact